Congenital Heart

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What is Congenital Heart?

Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to a range of structural heart defects present at birth. These defects can affect the heart's walls, valves, or blood vessels, disrupting the normal flow of blood through the heart. CHD can vary from simple conditions that may not require treatment to complex abnormalities that can lead to serious complications.

How to diagnose Congenital Heart? When to consult a doctor?

Diagnosis may involve several tests, including:

  • Physical examination (listening for heart murmurs)
  • Echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart)
  • Chest X-ray
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Cardiac MRI or CT scan

You should consult a doctor if:

If there is a family history of congenital heart disease or other heart conditions, it’s essential to consult a doctor, even if there are no symptoms. If a pregnant woman has had any risk factors (such as exposure to certain medications, infections, or diabetes) that may increase the risk of CHD in the fetus, it’s important to discuss these with a healthcare provider. Difficulty feeding or poor weight gain. Rapid breathing or shortness of breath. Cyanosis (bluish tint to the skin, lips, or nails)

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Causes
  • Genetic Factors
  • Environmental Factors
  • Maternal Health Conditions
  • Family History
Symptoms
  • Rapid breathing or difficulty breathing
  • Cyanosis (bluish skin, lips, or fingernails)
  • Fatigue during feeding or physical activity
  • Poor growth and weight gain
  • Swelling in the legs, abdomen, or around the eyes
Frequently Asked Questions

The long-term outlook varies based on the specific condition and its severity. Many individuals with CHD lead full, active lives, especially with appropriate treatment and regular monitoring.

While many forms of CHD can be successfully treated or repaired, some patients may require ongoing care and management throughout their lives. The goal of treatment is often to improve quality of life and reduce symptoms.

CHD is one of the most common birth defects, affecting approximately 1 in 100 to 1 in 200 live births.