Orthopedic Oncology
What is Orthopedic Oncology?
Orthopedic oncology is a specialized branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors. This field addresses both benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) tumors that can arise in the musculoskeletal system, including bones, cartilage, muscles, fat, nerves, and blood vessels.
When to consult a Orthopedic Oncology doctor?
Initial imaging to identify any abnormalities in the bone. Provides detailed images of soft tissues and helps evaluate the extent of the tumor. Offers cross-sectional images of bones and surrounding tissues.
You should consult a doctor if:
- Persistent Pain: Unexplained or worsening pain in a bone or soft tissue.
- Swelling or a Lump: Noticeable swelling or a lump that persists or grows.
- Limited Range of Motion: Difficulty moving a limb or joint that affects daily activities.
- Unexplained Symptoms: Unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or other systemic symptoms that don't resolve.
- History of Cancer: If you have a history of cancer and develop new symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation.
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Causes
- Some tumors have a hereditary component. For example, conditions like Li-Fraumeni syndrome and neurofibromatosis increase the risk of developing certain tumors.
- Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals may increase the risk of developing tumors.
- Previous radiation therapy for other cancers can increase the risk of developing secondary malignancies.
- Certain tumors are more common in specific age groups. For instance, osteosarcoma typically occurs in teenagers and young adults, while chondrosarcoma is more common in adults.
Symptoms
- Pain
- Swelling
- Limited Mobility
- Fractures
- Weight Loss and Fatigue
Frequently Asked Questions
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies (like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans) and a biopsy to determine the tumor's nature.
Risks can include infection, blood loss, complications from anesthesia, and potential impacts on limb function. Side effects depend on the specific treatment.
Pain management strategies may include medications, physical therapy, or palliative care approaches tailored to individual needs.