Head and Neck Cancer Surgery

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What is Head and Neck Cancer Surgery?

Head and neck cancer surgery refers to a range of surgical procedures used to remove cancerous tumors in the head and neck region. This area includes the mouth, throat, larynx (voice box), nose, sinuses, and salivary glands, as well as parts of the thyroid and skin. The type of surgery performed depends on the location, size, and stage of the cancer. The goal is to remove the tumor and some surrounding healthy tissue to ensure that all cancer cells are eliminated.

How to diagnose Head and Neck problems? When to consult a doctor for Head and neck surgery?

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy procedures.

You should consult a doctor if:

  • Persistent Sore Throat: If you have a sore throat that does not go away, it may be a sign of throat cancer.
  • Lumps or Swelling: Any lump in the neck, mouth, or throat that persists should be checked by a healthcare provider.
  • Difficulty Swallowing: If swallowing becomes difficult or painful, or if food gets stuck, it could be a sign of cancer in the throat or esophagus.
  • Voice Changes: Hoarseness, a persistent change in voice, or difficulty speaking can indicate laryngeal cancer.
  • Ear Pain: Persistent pain in the ear, especially if it’s accompanied by difficulty hearing, may be linked to throat or mouth cancers.
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Causes
  • Tobacco Use
  • Alcohol Consumption
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
  • Prolonged Sun Exposure
  • Poor Oral Hygiene
  • Exposure to Environmental Toxins
Symptoms
  • Persistent Sore Throat
  • Lump or Swelling in the Neck
  • Hoarseness or Voice Changes
  • Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)
  • Unexplained Weight Loss
Frequently Asked Questions

Recovery time varies depending on the complexity of the surgery. Minor procedures may have a shorter recovery period, while more extensive surgeries like laryngectomy or neck dissection may take several weeks to months.

Regular follow-up care is crucial to monitor for cancer recurrence, manage any long-term effects of treatment, and address any issues related to speech, swallowing, or appearance.

Depending on the location of the cancer, surgery may affect speech, swallowing, and eating. Rehabilitation therapies, like speech therapy, may be needed to restore these functions post-surgery.